Targeted next-generation sequencing of advanced prostate cancer identifies potential therapeutic targets and disease heterogeneity.

TitleTargeted next-generation sequencing of advanced prostate cancer identifies potential therapeutic targets and disease heterogeneity.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2013
AuthorsBeltran H, Yelensky R, Frampton GM, Park K, Downing SR, MacDonald TY, Jarosz M, Lipson D, Tagawa ST, Nanus DM, Stephens PJ, Mosquera JMiguel, Cronin MT, Rubin MA
JournalEur Urol
Volume63
Issue5
Pagination920-6
Date Published2013 May
ISSN1873-7560
KeywordsAndrogen Antagonists, Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal, Biopsy, Needle, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Exons, Feasibility Studies, Fixatives, Formaldehyde, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Humans, Individualized Medicine, Introns, Male, Neoplasm Grading, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Orchiectomy, Paraffin Embedding, Patient Selection, Phenotype, Prostatic Neoplasms, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Tissue Fixation
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Most personalized cancer care strategies involving DNA sequencing are highly reliant on acquiring sufficient fresh or frozen tissue. It has been challenging to comprehensively evaluate the genome of advanced prostate cancer (PCa) because of limited access to metastatic tissue.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the feasibility of a novel next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based platform that can be used with archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) biopsy tissue to evaluate the spectrum of DNA alterations seen in advanced PCa.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: FFPE samples (including archival prostatectomies and prostate needle biopsies) were obtained from 45 patients representing the spectrum of disease: localized PCa, metastatic hormone-naive PCa, and metastatic castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). We also assessed paired primaries and metastases to understand disease heterogeneity and disease progression.

INTERVENTION: At least 50 ng of tumor DNA was extracted from FFPE samples and used for hybridization capture and NGS using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform.

OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: A total of 3320 exons of 182 cancer-associated genes and 37 introns of 14 commonly rearranged genes were evaluated for genomic alterations.

RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: We obtained an average sequencing depth of >900X. Overall, 44% of CRPCs harbored genomic alterations involving the androgen receptor gene (AR), including AR copy number gain (24% of CRPCs) or AR point mutation (20% of CRPCs). Other recurrent mutations included transmembrane protease, serine 2 gene (TMPRSS2):v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (avian) gene (ERG) fusion (44%); phosphatase and tensin homolog gene (PTEN) loss (44%); tumor protein p53 gene (TP53) mutation (40%); retinoblastoma gene (RB) loss (28%); v-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (avian) gene (MYC) gain (12%); and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit α gene (PIK3CA) mutation (4%). There was a high incidence of genomic alterations involving key genes important for DNA repair, including breast cancer 2, early onset gene (BRCA2) loss (12%) and ataxia telangiectasia mutated gene (ATM) mutations (8%); these alterations are potentially targetable with poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose)polymerase inhibitors. A novel and actionable rearrangement involving the v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 gene (BRAF) was also detected.

CONCLUSIONS: This first-in-principle study demonstrates the feasibility of performing in-depth DNA analyses using FFPE tissue and brings new insight toward understanding the genomic landscape within advanced PCa.

DOI10.1016/j.eururo.2012.08.053
Alternate JournalEur. Urol.
PubMed ID22981675
PubMed Central IDPMC3615043
Grant List2 R01CA116337-06A1 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States
R01 CA116337 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States